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Raid on Godfrey Ranch
The Raid on Godfrey Ranch occurred from January 15–16, 1865 in which a large band of Lakota and Cheyenne warriors attacked an isolated ranch in Colorado owned by Holon Godfrey.〔Michno, Gregory. ''Encyclopedia of Indian Wars: Western Battles and Skirmishes, 1850-1890''. Mountain Press Publishing Company (August 10, 2003). pp. 163-164. ISBN 978-0878424689〕 The raid was part of the numerous January raids conducted by the Cheyennes during the Colorado War as retaliation to the Sand Creek massacre on November 29, 1864. After attacking the American Ranch in which a white family and some of their workers perished a day before, the Cheyennes then set their sights on Godfrey's ranch nearby. However, Godfrey wind up of the Indians plan to raid them, and together with his family as well as his employees, fortified the ranch. The Indians, consisting of over 130 warriors, attacked the ranch by night. The ranchers held out the Indian attack the whole night. By morning, the Indians finally retreated, and Godfrey's last stand was successful.
==Background==
The attack was one of many conflicts between white settlers and various Indians group in Colorado. Tension arose when both parties started arming themselves because if their distrust to kne another. The Indians, led by the Dog Soldiers society, started raiding military outposts and settlements throughout the territory.〔Hyde, George E. (1968). Life of George Bent Written from His Letters. Ed. by Savoie Lottinville. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 168–195 ISBN 978-0-8061-1577-1.〕 In retaliation, a Colorado militia consisting of white volunteers, attacked a Cheyenne village that killed over 200 Indians, including women and children. The Indians then fought back by further increasing their raids, focusing much of it on the Colorado ranching business. Ranches, farms and cattle drives were soon raided upon in just a span of a month. The raids weren't just a retaliation in nature, they were also important for the Indians in order to gather resources such as horses to fight their war.
Holon Godfrey heard of the Indian's warpath coming near them after a raid in American Ranch occurred in January 14 that almost killed a family of white settlers. Godfrey quickly took action to fortify his ranch so as to not suffer the same fate. He surrounded the place with 6-foot tall adobe walls and fireports, as well as well-placed shooting spots and bucket brigades in case of fire. Together with his wife, cowboys and other people seeking refuge, they readied themselves to stand their ground.〔
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